Welcome to YODA – Open Digital Archive for CSEM
The YODA archive gives access to CSEM's publications, such as its annual reports and brochures. For technical papers such as scientific publications, bibliographic information is provided, along with the full paper where this is possible.
This comprehensive database is part of CSEM's Open Access Publishing policy. For further information refer to the YODA support guide or contact repository@csem.ch.
Recent Submissions
Item type:Item, Contactless glucose monitoring in organ-on-a-chip systems using NIR/MIR spectroscopy(2026-06-17)The PhotonMed consortium aims to advance photonics technologies for diagnostics, medical devices, and wearable systems. CSEM is one of 39 partner organizations contributing to research activities that push beyond the current state of the art and support the commercialization of innovative photonic technologies. The application relevance and quality of the consortium’s work will be demonstrated through 16 pilot cases led by end user companies, which will later exploit the project outcomes in their own R&D efforts toward product launches. In this work, we present one of the PhotonMed pilot cases, which focuses on advancing glucose monitoring in organ on a chip (OoC) platforms through the development of a contactless, real time sensing system based on near infrared (NIR) and mid infrared (MIR) spectroscopy. This approach addresses major limitations of current OoC glucose monitoring techniques, which depend on invasive sampling methods that are unsuitable for automated continuous monitoring and introduce contamination risks. The primary objective is to develop a compact, competitive NIR/MIR reader capable of continuous glucose measurement in OoC devices within the low concentration range below 10 mM, relevant for cell culture conditions. The system is intended for use in biological laboratories, bioproduction environments, pharmaceutical companies, biotech facilities, and advanced research settings, enabling non invasive, continuous monitoring in low volume cell culture media. Our work presents a proof of concept validation of the sensing approach, demonstrating the ability to measure optical absorbance signals with 50 ppm precision and to monitor glucose concentrations with an accuracy of 1 mM. A real time data processing algorithm ensures individual measurement updates within a few seconds. The presence of other bio analytes in cell culture media is expected to influence measurement reliability due to partial spectral overlap; this aspect is currently under investigation and will be addressed in the presentation. Both NIR and MIR spectroscopy modules are being integrated into a single compact and modular device. In the final phase of the project, the system will be validated using a liver–pancreas assay to monitor glucose concentration directly within the cell culture compartment of the OoC platform.Item type:Item, CRISPR-Cas-Based Platform for Single-Step Quantification of Monoclonal Antibodies at Point-of-Care(2026-06-30)We report a streamlined, cost-effective point-of-care platform for the quantitative detection of monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic drug monitoring, addressing the limitations of bulky, complex, and expensive instrumentation required for standard analytical techniques. In contrast to conventional immunoassays that rely on primary/secondary antibodies for quantification, our method leverages a DNA circuit for the recognition of the target monoclonal antibody coupled with CRISPR-Cas12a signal amplification. This assay is integrated into a microfluidic chip that enables a single-step workflow, eliminating the multiple incubations and reagent addition steps typical of laboratory methods. The platform demonstrates quantitative detection of a model anti-hemagglutinin antibody within a 60-min sample-to-answer timeframe, in the nanomolar range, with a chip manufacturing cost below 1€ and reagent stability confirmed at –20 °C for over one month. This proof-of-concept illustrates the potential of simplified CRISPR-based assays for decentralized rapid protein quantification in clinical settings.Item type:Item, Frequency control with aggregated heat pumps in buildings: A comparison of complex and simple control strategies(2026-03-01)As the share of electricity generation from non-dispatchable sources like wind and photovoltaics grows, so does the need for active grid stabilization. For this purpose, we use aggregated heat pumps in buildings as a virtual power plant. Unlike other technologies used to stabilize the grid, such as pumped hydro or natural gas power plants, the aggregation of buildings is not hindered by geography, nor does it incur any additional strain on the environment. However, a large number of buildings is required to reach a substantial level of deployable power. The right trade-off between cost and performance in the aggregation method is essential to be competitive with the more established technologies in this field. To this end, we evaluate simple and complex frameworks for frequency control with a simulated cluster of 1000 buildings, based on real data, and estimate their respective cost-effectiveness. The most complex methods, using full data access and bi-level optimization, yield the highest total flexibility provided and the lowest tracking error. However, the lower system costs of the less complex methods, relying on limited data and simplified formulations of the optimization problem, outweigh their inferior performance in terms of expected profitability. With the assumed tariffs, we only expect a net profit when using the more cost-effective methods with large buildings. To achieve profitability with small buildings within the specifics of our simulations, the remunerations would have to increase by a factor of two to seven.Item type:Item, Predictive control of eV charging for wide-area reduction in grid congestion(2025-06)We present a solution for unlocking the flexibility of electric vehicles (eVs) and ease their integration into the electrical grid. As opposed to most existing solutions that focus on controlling individual charging stations, the proposed solution controls the charging profiles of a group of vehicles to activate their demand-side flexibility. The solution aggregates the eVs into a virtual power plant to alleviate grid congestion, specifically to prevent overloading on a set of grid substations. More precisely, it operates a pool of vehicles that can be charged at any charging point served by grid substations within a given set. The proposed solution implements a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm under constraints to set the optimal charging profile for each eV. This allows the pool to respond to congestion management requests (or constraints) by limiting the peak power at the substations. The solution can also be used to respond to ancillary services requests. The proposed solution was tested on simulated data from 1000 eVs during two weeks in summer in the Greater Paris Area. State of charge (SoC) constraints were respected 99% of the time by the proposed solution compared to 92% by the benchmark approach.Item type:Item, The Impact of Data Availability on Consumption Flexibility Estimation With Heat Pumps(2025-10)Using the inherent consumption flexibility of electrical systems is becoming increasingly important to help with grid balancing, as renewable energy sources are on the rise. This study investigates how data availability impacts the quality of flexibility predictions and the resulting difference in performance in the task of cost minimization under a dynamic electricity tariff. For a building with a Heat Pump (HP) connected to a water tank, we differentiate the cases where only HP power measurements are available and where either one or both indoor temperature and tank temperature measurements are available. The experiments show a clear advantage of the full data availability case over the others, while the simplest case can compete in the task of cost minimization, when additional assumptions are made.
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