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Item Secure Boot and Firmware Update for μ111 RTOS(2021) Vizár, Damian; Ben Salah, Mohammed; Ferragni, AlexEnsuring that only authentic firmware will ever boot on a device is among the baseline security requirements of virtually any application with remote embedded devices, notably in IoT, Industry 4.0 and eHealth markets. CSEM has introduced a secure boot and firmware update for the ultra-low-power μ111 RTOS, based on the recognized MCUboot library, and verified the security of the framework in a new formal security model for embedded secure boot.Item FETA: a Flexible Low-Power AI/ML Accelerator for Time Series Signals(2024) EMERY , StéphaneThe large variety of data that is acquired by sensors on mobile, wearable, and IoT devices has enabled numerous new applications such as long-term medical monitoring, fitness tracking, and voice control. ML algorithms such as neural networks (NNs) are often used for processing time-dependent sensor data (time-series) from these sensors. However exploitation in edge devices is still limited by the inefficient processing of the vast amounts of sensor data.Today, very few portable devices embed ML features and the rare ML tasks that are performed are often limited. Devices with tight power budgets are rarely enabled with ML functionalities at all. The numerous operations required by ML algorithms are in fact typically offloaded to the cloud, at the cost of power-hungry radio communication, long latency, and privacy risks. Thus, the design of ultra low-power NN accelerators is key to enable ML features in any battery powered device. The development of optimized, yet flexible accelerators for NNs can unlock from 2x to 10x savings in power consumption. Thanks to the design of these circuits, the execution of computing-intensive algorithms can be made possible for any portable device and create unprecedented use-cases for edge devices.Item SILOSCAPE: a Novel Escapement for FlexMEMS-based Watch Oscillators(2022) François, Barrot; Musy, Grégory; Laesser, Olivier; Petremand, Yves; Winiger, Horloger; Dominé, EmmanuelCSEM, with its combined expertise in micro-manufacturing techniques and precision mechanisms, has been a pioneer in the design and production of centimeter scale silicon parts featuring fine mechanical functions comprising flexures (FlexMEMS), opening up new opportunities for both the design and production of novel watch mechanisms. In the frame of SILOSCAPE MIPs, CSEM is focusing on the design and production of novel high-performance watch oscillators and escapements. This year, CSEM is presenting a novel escapement specifically targeted to exploit the potential and specificities of FlexMEMS-based oscillators.Item HybSi - Hybridization of Silicon Micro-Components(2013) Barrot, François; Kiener, Lionel; Bayat, Dara; et al.Combining its expertise in the domains of precision-mechanisms and micro-fabrication techniques, CSEM shows that high performance centimeterscale mechanisms and systems benefit from the hybridization of silicon parts with other materials. The approach to bridge the gap between MEMS and Mechatronics opens a wide range of high added value markets, ranging from the watch industry to the medical devices industry. Already the field of Scientific Instrumentation encompasses a wide variety of fields such as Life Sciences, Metrology, and Opto-Mechatronics. CSEM strategic Macro-MEMS research activitiy is targeting to implement new tools and processes to better serve these key markets in Switzerland.Item Compliant Integration of Sensors on 3D Additive Manufactured Parts Via Aerosol Jet Print Technology(2024-09-25) Khan, Saleem; Rouvinet, Julien; Kiener, Lionel; Blondiaux, Nicolas; Crenna, Maude; Salamin, Lisa; Novo, David; Pugin, Raphaël; Saudan, HervéEmbedding functionalities in 3D printed objects is a fast-growing technology track, covering a wide range of attractive applications especially in the fields of aerospace, automative and biomedical implants etc. The in-situ monitoring of various physical parameters, particularly temperature and strain provide useful information to determine the control of complex system. Furthermore, features such as heaters allow locally acting on those systems, which is of great interest for fluidic applications. The combination of temperature sensing and controlled heating may lead to even more advanced sensing functions, such as flow measurement. We present the latest developments on compliant integration of functional nanomaterials to the inner surface of 3D printed metal pipes designed for and manufactured with Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process. The study is focused on the process optimization of Aerosol Jet Printing (AJP) of different functional inks to integrate temperature sensors and heating functions to the pipes. AJP process parameters are optimized considering printing results on the LPBF produced substrate such as pattern resolution, uniformity, and finally on the electrical performance of the printed structures. AJP is applied to coat insulation as well as encapsulation layers on the 3D metal parts. For high resolution patterning of metallic structures, gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles-based inks are used for development of temperature sensors and heater elements on the interior surface of metal pipes. The metallic inks are used to print contacting pads, interconnects, and the resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) targeting 1000 Ω (following Pt-1000 standards) as well as an integrated heater. Thermal cyclic response of the RTD sensor is evaluated by varying temperature between -65oC to 85oC in a climatic chamber, resulting into a very stable response.