Does my lithium-ion battery have a fever? Insights from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Abstract
With the growing use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and stationary storage systems, the question of their security arises. One of the most dangerous failure modes of batteries are thermal runaway events where temperature slowly rises inside the cell until it eventually triggers a self-sustained reaction that leads to the combustion - or even the explosion - of the cell. State-of-the-art methods to detect these events rely on temperature sensors placed in the battery module, but this approach lacks reactivity. Here, we present a method to measure the internal temperature of lithium-ion cells that relies on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Our approach only needs external sensors, which therefore does not imply a re-design of the cells, but it provides the cell’s internal temperature with an accuracy of 2°C to 4°C, depending on the operating conditions. This works paves the way to the early detection of thermal runaway and to safer batteries.
Publication Reference
CSEM Scientific and Technical Report 2025, p. 87–88
Year
2025